International Introductions of   Ctenopharyngodon idella
Introductions as compiled by FAO

Main Ref: FAO 1997
To: India
FAO area: Asia - Inland waters
From:Hong Kong
FAO area: Asia - Inland waters
Year: 1959
Range: -
Period: 1950-1974
Established in the wild: probably established, continuous restocking
Established in aquaculture:   - widely used assisted/artificial reproduction
Significant ecological interactions: probably some - beneficial
Significant socio-economic effects: some - beneficial
Introduced by: government
Reason: aquaculture
Other reason: weed control
Comments: Recorded from Nigiris, Southern Kerala river systems and north Western Ghats (Ref. 92228). Reintroduced in 1968. Responsible for the decline of Schizothorax fishery in the wild and have damages pond walls in Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Sikkim and Rajasthan. Leather, scale and mirror carp varieties (strains) are used in composite fish culture. The introduction of this species has significantly increased the fisheries (both culture and capture) production per unit area. Particularly in the submountainous regions of the country where Indian major carp cannot thrive well, grass carp has proved to be a boom for the aquaculturist. In Himachal Pradesh the potential production of this species has been estimated as 4 tons/hac/year. (Dhanze, et al. 1991). Widespread in composite fish culture and weed control throughout the country. Also Ref. 74657 and 92228.     Ref:  Shetty, H.P.C., M.C. Nandeesha and A.G. Jhingran, 1989


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